What is modal?
Modal is a textile fibre made from wood pulp. It is a further-developed variant of viscose and was originally developed to come as close as possible to the versatility of cotton. That worked out well: the result is a strong, supple fibre that absorbs considerably more moisture than cotton. Modal also takes up colour better, so less dye and energy are needed to achieve a deep colour. No wonder the fabric ends up in all kinds of garments.
What kind of fabric is modal?
Modal is a semi-synthetic textile fibre: the raw material is natural, the processing is chemical. The cellulose comes from the wood pulp of beech trees, usually from sustainably managed forests. The production process is more environmentally friendly than that of regular viscose, because fewer and milder chemicals are involved. First the wood pulp is dissolved in a chemical mixture into a thick liquid. This is pressed through tiny holes, creating long, thin threads. These threads are washed and dried and then spun into yarn, after which fabric is woven or knitted from it.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of modal?
The most striking characteristic is that modal feels silky-soft on the skin, which makes it ideal for garments such as men's socks, sweaters and T-shirts. The fibres have an open structure so the fabric breathes well: you sweat less quickly in it and it does not cling to your skin. Modal also resists shrinking well and the colours stay beautiful, so garments last a long time. On the other hand, modal stretches out faster than cotton, and the fabric is sensitive to creasing and heat. Wash modal garments at low temperatures and keep them out of the dryer. To be safe, always check the label.